Prostatitis is a dangerous, but, unfortunately, a very common disease of the male genitourinary system. Previously, the disease occurred mainly in older men, today urologists are increasingly diagnosing the disease in younger patients. Every man who cares about his health needs to know the type of prostatitis and how it manifests itself.
Causes of the development of prostatitis
Acute prostatic hypothermia is the most "sure" way to get prostatitis.
Prostatitis is an inflammation of the prostate gland. The disease must be diagnosed and treated in a timely manner, otherwise serious consequences may occur.
The causes of the disease are divided into two major groups - infectious and non -infectious. Infectious causes of this disease include:
- opportunistic pathogens that are always present in the human body;
- fungus;
- sexually transmitted bacteria;
- virus;
- mycobacteria.
The opportunistic pathogens of this disease are Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as most often infectious prostatitis is caused by these pathogens. They enter the prostate from the gastrointestinal tract with the movement of blood or lymph. Also, the disease can be caused by the penetration of pyogenic bacteria (pneumococcus, staphylococcus) from the urethra or through the hematogenous route.
The fungus that causes prostatitis most often is the yeast microflora of the genus Candida. This fungal infection can occur sexually, but Candida is an important part of the normal human microflora, so it can enter the prostate from other organs and systems. In rare cases, fungal prostatitis is caused by a mold fungus.
Inflammation of the prostate can be caused by syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia and other infections spread through unprotected sex.
In rare cases, the virus becomes the cause of the disease. So, prostatitis can develop against the background of influenza or SARS, in case the virus spreads throughout the body with the bloodstream. Prostate tuberculosis was isolated separately. This is a dangerous disease associated with infection of organs with Koch’s bacillus, the causative agent of tuberculosis.
Causes of non -infectious prostate inflammation:
- stagnation of prostate secretion;
- violation of blood circulation and outflow of lymph from the pelvic organs;
- genital hypothermia;
- Vena varicose veins.
In general, non -infectious prostatitis is often called "office worker disease", because its development is directly related to physical inactivity.
Risk factors
If previously the main risk group for developing the disease was men over the age of 50, today there are many more risk factors, so young men aged 23-25 are increasingly facing prostatitis. The risk of getting prostate inflammation is increased due to:
- lack of normal sexual life;
- sedentary work and hypodynamia;
- endocrine disorders;
- hormonal disorders;
- hypothermia;
- pressure;
- Malnutrition;
- bad habits;
- unprotected intercourse.
Lack of sexual life is the main enemy of the prostate gland. But at the same time, an overly intense sex life also harms this organ. If, with prolonged abstinence, inflammation can be triggered by stagnation of prostate secretions, which come out during ejaculation, a rich sex life consumes the prostate gland, thus also triggering the development of prostatitis.
The male body needs regular physical activity. Otherwise, the blood circulation of the pelvic organs worsens, which leads to swelling of the prostate gland and disorders of organ tissue trophism, and this, in turn, is the main cause of the development of non -infectious inflammation. prostate.
Among the risk factors, there is also decreased immunity, free association and various diseases of the genitourinary system, which can be a potential source of infection.
Classification of prostatitis
To understand what prostatitis is, the classification of the disease will help in the first place. However, it is not recommended to diagnose yourself by describing the symptoms. At the first sign of malaise, you should consult a urologist. It should be understood that different types of prostatitis manifest themselves in different ways, but all pose a threat to men’s health if there is no timely treatment.
Regardless of the form of prostatitis, treatment should begin as early as possible. Early diagnosis and timely therapy is an opportunity to get rid of the disease in a few weeks without the risk of complications.
Prostatitis is classified according to the nature of inflammation and the degree of involvement of prostate tissue in the pathological process. Each form of the disease has specific symptoms that are detected during the examination. So, the results of the analysis of prostate secretions, which should be taken by all men suspected of prostate inflammation, will tell fully about the type of disease.
What is acute prostatitis?
Before considering the specific form of the inflammatory process in the prostate, it is necessary to understand what is prostatitis according to the nature of the course. There are two main forms - acute and chronic inflammation.
Acute prostatitis is an inflammation that spreads rapidly in the prostate. Often it is a disease caused by any pathogen. However, non -communicable forms of the disease can also occur in acute form, for example, during early manifestations.
Acute prostatitis is characterized by obvious symptoms. Men complain of severe urinary disorders, severe pain radiating to the perineum, lower back, anus. Discomfort increases when trying to urinate and ejaculate.
Characteristics of chronic prostatitis
The chronic form of the disease is caused by acute prostatitis. This type of prostatitis in men has less obvious symptoms and is associated primarily with a lack of inadequate treatment or therapy for acute prostatitis. The pathology is characterized by slow inflammation, which can sometimes be more severe.
Symptoms of the disease: poor urine flow, sluggish erections, poor stimulation. In chronic prostatitis, the night desire to go to the toilet increases, during defecation he feels discomfort in the prostate gland, which is indicated by a feeling of squeezing or rupture of organs.
With hypothermia or decreased immunity, symptoms intensify, pain and cramps in the bladder appear, and the urge to go to the toilet becomes more frequent.
Bacterial prostatitis: characteristics and symptoms
One of the most common types of disease is bacterial prostatitis. It is caused by the penetration of various bacteria into the prostate gland. Often, the causative agent is Escherichia or Pseudomonas aeruginosa, or other opportunistic bacteria that inhabit the human body.
The main reasons for its development are decreased immunity, severe stress, smoking and other conditions that weaken the body.
Bacterial prostatitis is indicated by the following symptoms:
- pain and soreness when urinating, associated with irritation of the urethra by bacteria penetrating from the prostate;
- high body temperature;
- general intoxication symptoms: nausea, dizziness, weakness;
- pain in the perineum;
- excretion of blood in the urine.
This form of the disease develops rapidly and can cause prostate abscess. When the first symptoms appear, you should immediately make an appointment with a specialist.
Infectious prostatitis
Infectious is called prostatitis, caused by bacteria, fungi, viruses. In fact, bacterial prostatitis is a type of infectious inflammation. This type of pathology has the same symptoms as bacterial inflammation.
Forms of infectious diseases can occur in acute and chronic forms. As a rule, chronic forms of the disease develop due to complications or improper treatment of acute inflammatory processes.
Prostatitis virus
Acute respiratory viral infections can serve as a catalyst for the development of viral prostatitis
The most dangerous and under -studied form of infectious prostatitis is inflammation of a viral nature. It can be triggered by herpes, human papillomavirus, the causative agent of measles, rubella, influenza. Often, inflammation of the prostate gland occurs against the background of the spread of common SARS -causing agents.
The problem with viral prostatitis is that antibiotic therapy is ineffective, and antiviral agents do not penetrate well into prostate gland tissue.
As a result, a long course of therapy with antiviral agents and immunomodulators is required, after which the disease may become chronic, and treatment is continued with other drugs. This form of prostatitis often leads to infertility at a young age.
Fungal prostatitis
This is a rare form of the disease caused by fungi of the genus Candida. The main feature of this type of inflammation is the almost complete absence of symptoms at an early stage. Thus, fungal prostatitis does not manifest itself in an acute form, but immediately turns into a chronic disease.
Purulent prostatitis
This is the most severe and dangerous form of infectious inflammation caused by pyogenic bacteria. The pathology takes place in an acute form, indicated by high body temperature and the release of purulent masses from the urethra. The disease can lead to prostate abscess, which requires immediate hospitalization and surgical intervention, otherwise the abscess may rupture and become infected with a purulent mass of blood.
Forms of inflammation that count
Calculus or stones may form in the prostate gland. They are phosphate deposits and calcifications in the walls of organs. Calculi irritate prostate tissue, causing an inflammatory response. This form of the disease is characterized by excretion of blood in the urine and sharp pain during defecation due to the movement of salt deposits due to muscle tension and damage to prostate tissue. This form of the disease is experienced by older men. In addition, calculus prostatitis is considered a complication of congestive prostatitis that is not treated by the man.
Diagnostics
Having understood the types of prostatitis in men and the symptoms of various types of inflammation, it became clear that the diagnosis should be made exclusively by a specialist. It is necessary to contact a urologist at the first signs of malaise and undergo an examination. To make a diagnosis, prostate palpation, analysis of prostate secretions, and organ ultrasound are performed.
The cause of inflammation is determined by the composition of prostate juice, its consistency and quantity. Ultrasound is performed to rule out calculus prostatitis. Based on the results of these tests, a diagnosis is made and the optimal treatment regimen is prescribed.
Treatment of inflammation
The signs and symptoms of prostatitis depend on the type of disease. Treatment is selected individually for each patient, depending on the nature of the inflammatory process. In general, all bacterial inflammatory processes are treated with broad -spectrum antibiotics with antimicrobial activity. To treat viral diseases, antiviral drugs and drugs to boost the immune defense are used. The fungal form of the disease requires the use of special drugs - antimycotics.
To eliminate non -infectious inflammation, a so -called prostate biostimulator is used. These are drugs that increase the trophism of inflamed organ tissue, dilute prostate secretions and stimulate its outflow. These drugs improve body function.
In addition, symptomatic treatment is prescribed. In the acute form of the disease, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are used, which relieve pain and fever. If a man has severe urinary problems, medications are used that relax the muscles of the bladder and urethra - alpha blockers.
In addition, herbal diuretics, suppositories that improve blood circulation in the glands, anti-inflammatory drugs with natural composition and other groups of drugs are used.
It is important to remember that medications on their own can be harmful to health. Drug therapy should be prescribed only by the attending physician.
How to prevent the development of the disease?
To prevent this disease, you need to undergo regular medical checkups.
Prevention of prostatitis is a topical issue for all men. For a healthy prostate, you must:
- treat all diseases in a timely manner;
- always dress according to the weather and avoid hypothermia of the genitals;
- take care of your health and use contraceptives;
- to lead an active lifestyle;
- sporting;
- reject bad habits;
- eat right.
For prevention, all men are advised to take pumpkin seeds in small quantities, as this product is a natural prostate protector.
Also, all men over the age of 40 should visit a urologist every year, even without complaints.